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Nature Spirits Elementals

Ancient Cultures Japanese



Ancient Shinto folk beliefs and rituals were deeply rooted in a distant past. Remains with magical significance have been discovered that were from the Jomon period around 200 BCE. The Kami Way, the indigenous faith of the Japanese people (also known as Shintoism) had neither a founder nor sacred written scriptures like the Bible or the Sutras.

Instead, as old as the people themselves, Shinto was deeply rooted in Japanese traditions. Shintoism was an optimistic faith that believed all humans were intrinsically good and that all evil was caused by evil spirits.

Today over four million Japanese visit Shinto shrines to pray for good fortune; to keep away evil spirits before special events; and, to procure talismans. The architecture of the shrines, Noh theatre, calligraphy and the court dance music (Gagaku) were all important features of Shintoism.

Most Shinto rituals focused on prayers, purification and offerings to keep away evil spirits. In Shintoism everything was spiritual with no separation between the material and spiritual. There was no written code of ethics and morals, but over the centuries Confucian ethics (the teachings of Kong Zi) were instilled into Shinto, especially during the Edo period.

Personal Kamidana with offering to Kami, Public Domain Image 476w 359h

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Worship of the Kami usually took places in shrines located in the beauty of nature, but they could be revered anywhere. Local shrines where festivals took place were the focal point of the community. Followers of Shintoism perceived the sacred in nature and the presence of the Kami in trees, rivers, thunder, stones, waterfalls, mountains and valleys.

The numinous Kami were worshiped; as well as, the ancestral guardian spirits and the spirits of national heroes. The customs of Shinto practiced by the common people gradually grew into a complex form of festivals and rites that sometimes included elements of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism called Minzoku Shinto or Folk Shinto.

Every Shinto home had a Kamidana which was the focus of daily offerings and reverence. A Kamidana (kami shelf) was a small shrine that was either placed or hung high on the wall of Japanese homes. The traditional martial arts dojo also had Kamidana.

A hand cleansing ritual was followed before worshiping at the Kamidana. Worship usually consisted of offerings of flowers and food (rice, water) and prayers. The Kamidana held a broad array of Shinto ceremonial objects. In the picture above of a personal Kamidana, offering were made to personally revered Kami. Next Back


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